高3英単語
高校3年生レベルの英単語の語彙リストです。
significant
having a particular meaning; indicative of something.
sacrifice
the act of giving up something valued for the sake of something else regarded as more important or worthy.
trigger
a small device that releases a spring or catch and so sets off a mechanism, especially in order to fire a gun.
delight
a feeling of great pleasure and satisfaction.
disaster
a sudden event, such as an accident or a natural catastrophe, that causes great damage or loss of life.
both A and B
used to indicate that two things, A and B, are included or involved together.
myth
a traditional story, especially one concerning the early history of a people or explaining a natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving supernatural beings or events.
virus
a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
hunger
a strong desire or need for food.
airline
a company that provides regular flights to transport people or goods by air.
arms
weapons and ammunition; armaments.
overnight
a stay or event that lasts for one night.
vending machine
a machine that dispenses small articles such as food, drinks, or cigarettes when a coin, bill, or token is inserted.
Muslim
a follower of the religion of Islam.
mostly
for the most part; mainly.
technical
relating to a particular subject, art, or craft, or its techniques.
assault
a physical attack or a threat of attack.
bump into
to meet someone unexpectedly.
emphasis
special importance, value, or prominence given to something.
transition
the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.
regime
a government, especially an authoritarian one.
personality
the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character.
spoil
goods or property seized from a person or place, often in war.
latest
most recent or up-to-date.
raw
a sore or irritated area of skin.
radical
a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform.
attempt
an act of trying to achieve something, especially one that is unsuccessful or not certain to succeed.
provision
the act of providing or supplying something for use.
insect
a small arthropod animal that has six legs and generally one or two pairs of wings.
cure
a treatment or medicine that makes an illness or disease go away.
fascinate
to attract and hold the attention of someone by being interesting or charming.
estate
a large area of land in the country, usually with a large house, owned by one person, family, or organization.
sweep
an act of sweeping, especially with a broom.
item
an individual article or unit, especially one that is part of a list, collection, or set.
permanent
lasting or intended to last or remain unchanged indefinitely.
rent
a regular payment made by a tenant to an owner for the use of the owner's building or land.
adjust
to change something slightly to make it more suitable or effective.
courage
the ability to do something that frightens one; bravery.
armed
equipped with or carrying weapons.
contemporary
a person or thing living or existing at the same time as another.
primitive
a person belonging to a preliterate, nonindustrial society or culture.
dialect
a particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group.
advertising
the activity or profession of producing advertisements for commercial products or services.
twin
one of two children or animals born at the same birth.
illegal
contrary to or forbidden by law, especially criminal law.
depend
to rely on someone or something for support or help.
entertainment
the action of providing or being provided with amusement or enjoyment.
laugh
the act or sound of laughing.
tail
the rear part of an animal, especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body.
poll
a survey of public opinion or voting results.
quit
to stop doing something or leave a place.
bottom
the lowest part or point of something.
evolution
the gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
involvement
the act of being engaged or participating in something.
doubt
a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction.
derive
to obtain something from a specified source.
bet
an agreement between two parties where the loser pays the winner a certain amount of money or other stakes.
supreme
highest in rank or authority.
solid
a substance or object that is solid rather than liquid or fluid.
largely
for the most part; mainly.
custom
a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time.
restriction
a rule or condition that limits or controls something.
apparently
as far as one knows or can see.
medium
an intervening substance through which something is transmitted or carried on.
advertise
to promote goods or services to the public through various media.
counter
a flat surface on which business is conducted or food is served.
clue
a piece of evidence or information used in the detection of a crime or solving a mystery.
severe
very great; intense.
sudden
occurring or done quickly and unexpectedly or without warning.
outline
a general description or plan showing the essential features of something but not the detail.
clerk
a person employed in an office or bank to keep records, accounts, and undertake other routine administrative duties.
appoint
to assign a job or role to someone.
essay
a short piece of writing on a particular subject.
comfort
a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint.
president
the elected head of a republic, especially the chief executive of a country such as the United States.
failure
the lack of success in achieving a goal or objective.
biological
relating to biology or living organisms.
aggressive
characterized by or tending toward unprovoked offensives, attacks, invasions, or the like; militantly forward or menacing.
devise
to plan or invent a complex procedure, system, or mechanism by careful thought.
aim
a goal or purpose.
critic
a person who expresses an unfavorable opinion of something.
suffering
the state of undergoing pain, distress, or hardship.
fully
completely or entirely; to the fullest extent.
connect
to join or link together.
globe
a spherical representation of the Earth or other celestial body.
satisfactory
meeting the requirements or expectations; adequate.
toe
one of the digits of the foot.
distribution
the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients.
talent
a natural aptitude or skill.
steady
to make or become steady.
socially
in a manner that involves interaction with others or society.
lend
to give something to someone temporarily, expecting it to be returned.
uncomfortable
causing or feeling slight pain or physical discomfort.
phase
a distinct period or stage in a process of change or development.
in spite of
without being affected by the particular factor mentioned.
electronic
relating to or using devices or systems that operate using small electrical parts, such as microchips and transistors.
tongue
the muscular organ in the mouth used for tasting, licking, swallowing, and articulating speech.
dignity
the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect.
difference
a point or way in which people or things are not the same.
palm
the inner surface of the hand between the wrist and the fingers.
suicide
the act of intentionally causing one's own death.
humanity
the quality of being humane; benevolence.
priority
the fact or condition of being regarded or treated as more important than others.
elbow
the joint between the forearm and the upper arm.
fault
an imperfection or weakness in character or behavior.
tearful
full of tears; crying or inclined to cry.
procedure
a series of actions conducted in a certain order or manner.
negotiate
to discuss something in order to reach an agreement.
patch
a small piece of material used to mend or cover a hole or weak spot.
detailed
having many small parts or features; intricate and thorough.
criticism
the expression of disapproval of someone or something based on perceived faults or mistakes.
fix
a difficult or awkward situation from which it is hard to escape.
apart from
except for or excluding
charm
a quality that attracts or delights.
international
involving two or more countries.
tale
a narrative or story, often imaginative or fictitious.
upset
an unexpected result or situation, especially in a competition.
block
a solid piece of hard material, especially one used as a building material.
pregnant
having a child or young developing in the uterus.
asset
a useful or valuable thing, person, or quality.
govern
to exercise continuous sovereign authority over; to control and direct the making and administration of policy in.
perceive
to become aware of something through the senses.
prompt
a cue given to a performer to begin their speech or action.
founder
a person who establishes an institution, company, or organization.
show off
to boastfully display one's abilities or possessions.
electrical
relating to, operated by, or producing electricity.
calm
a state of tranquility or quietness.
dozen
a group or set of twelve.
abundant
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful.
behalf of
as a representative of someone or in the interest of someone.
excessive
more than is necessary, normal, or desirable; immoderate.
crowd
a large number of people gathered together in a disorganized or unruly way.
refer
to direct someone to a different source for information or help.
decision
a conclusion or resolution reached after consideration.
exhaust
the system through which waste gases are expelled from an engine.
cultivate
to prepare and use land for crops or gardening.
consistent
acting or done in the same way over time, especially so as to be fair or accurate.
admire
to regard with respect or warm approval.
accommodation
a place to stay or live, such as a room, house, or hotel.
engage
to participate or become involved in.
flow
the movement of a liquid, gas, or electricity in a steady, continuous stream.
legal
relating to the law or the practice of law.
combat
a fight or contest between individuals or groups.
global
relating to the whole world; worldwide.
faith
complete trust or confidence in someone or something.
deliberately
in a careful and unhurried way.
inquiry
the act of asking for information.
nation
a large group of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.
stretch
an act of stretching one's limbs or body.
ministry
a government department headed by a minister.
relief
a feeling of reassurance and relaxation following release from anxiety or distress.
rear
the back part of something, especially a building or vehicle.
employ
the state of having paid work.
lap
the flat area between the waist and knees of a seated person.
election
the process of choosing someone for a public office by voting.
revenue
the total income produced by a given source, especially the income of a government from taxation.
lord
a man of high rank in a feudal society or in one that retains feudal forms and institutions, especially a king or territorial magnate.
economics
the branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth.
comparison
the act of examining similarities and differences between two or more items.
brief
a concise statement or summary.
summit
the highest point of a hill or mountain.
willing
ready, eager, or prepared to do something.
amendment
a change or addition to a legal or statutory document.
painful
causing physical pain or discomfort.
factor
a circumstance, fact, or influence that contributes to a result or outcome.
depart
to leave, especially in order to start a journey.
sigh
a long, deep audible exhalation expressing sadness, relief, tiredness, or a similar feeling.
fiber
a thread or filament from which a vegetable tissue, mineral substance, or textile is formed.
wage
a fixed regular payment earned for work or services, typically paid on a daily or weekly basis.
scientific
relating to or based on science.
tough
strong and durable; not easily broken or cut.
tend to
to be likely to behave in a particular way or have a particular characteristic.
slight
to treat with disdain or indifference.
explosion
a sudden and violent release of energy, often accompanied by a loud noise, due to a rapid chemical or nuclear reaction.
afford
to have enough money to pay for something.
academic
a teacher or scholar in a college or institute of higher education.
vulnerable
capable of being physically or emotionally wounded or hurt.
donate
to give money or goods for a good cause, for example to a charity.
frighten
to make someone feel afraid or anxious.
log
a part of the trunk or a large branch of a tree that has fallen or been cut off.
regardless of
without being affected by the particular factor mentioned.
routine
a sequence of actions regularly followed; a fixed program.
afraid
feeling fear or anxiety; frightened.
headache
a continuous pain in the head.
be willing to
to be prepared or ready to do something, often showing that you do not mind doing it or are agreeable to it.
union
the act of joining or being joined, especially in a political context.
squeeze
an act of pressing something firmly.
mystery
something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain.
seed
the small, hard part of a plant from which a new plant can grow.
ease
freedom from pain, worry, or difficulty.
military
the armed forces of a country.
well-known
widely recognized or familiar to many people.
intimate
to suggest or hint something indirectly.
war
a state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups within a country.
rely
to depend on someone or something with full trust or confidence.
opposition
resistance or dissent, expressed in action or argument.
negotiation
the process of discussing something with someone in order to reach an agreement.
sharp
a musical note raised by a semitone.
settle
a long wooden bench with a high back and arms, typically with storage space underneath.
realize
to become fully aware of something as a fact; understand clearly.
battery
a device that stores and provides electrical energy.
constitution
a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
success
the accomplishment of an aim or purpose.
genius
an exceptional intellectual or creative power or other natural ability.
pitch
the quality of a sound governed by the rate of vibrations producing it; the degree of highness or lowness of a tone.
agreement
a mutual understanding or arrangement between two or more parties.
consumer
a person who purchases goods and services for personal use.
broadcast
a program or transmission of information via radio, television, or the internet.
disappoint
to fail to fulfill the hopes or expectations of someone.
whereas
used to introduce a contrast between two facts or ideas.
atomic
relating to an atom or atoms.
pray
to address a solemn request or expression of thanks to a deity or other object of worship.
beg
to ask someone earnestly or humbly for something.
adapt
to make something suitable for a new use or purpose; modify.
wan
pale and giving the impression of illness or exhaustion.
circuit
a roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and finishes at the same place.
toward
in the direction of.
thick
the most active or intense part of something.
briefly
in a concise or short manner.
consciousness
the state of being aware of and able to think and perceive one's surroundings.
indirect
not directly caused by or resulting from something.
impress
a mark or pattern produced by pressing.
complexity
the state or quality of being intricate or complicated.
operation
a process or series of acts involved in a particular form of work.
observation
the action or process of observing something or someone carefully in order to gain information.
reusable
capable of being used again after being used once.
drug
a substance used as a medication or in the preparation of medication.
inspector
a person who examines or oversees something.
quarter
one of four equal parts into which something is divided.
relevant
closely connected or appropriate to the matter at hand.
boundary
a line that marks the limits of an area; a dividing line.
trust
firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something.
pension
a regular payment made during a person's retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life.
traditional
relating to or based on tradition.
respect
a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something elicited by their abilities, qualities, or achievements.
commissioner
an official in charge of a department or organization.
exhibition
a public display of works of art or other items of interest, often held in a gallery or museum.
liberty
the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views.
forum
a place, meeting, or medium where ideas and views on a particular issue can be exchanged.
eyesight
the ability to see; vision.
botanical
relating to plants or plant life.
possibly
in a manner that is not certain or definite; perhaps.
protein
a large molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, essential for all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.
agent
a person who acts on behalf of another person or group.
reduction
the action or fact of making something smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
gear
a toothed wheel that works with others to alter the relation between the speed of an engine and the speed of the driven parts.
passion
a strong and barely controllable emotion.
addition
the process of adding numbers or amounts together.
instant
a very short period of time; a moment.
national
a citizen of a particular country.
critical
expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments.
suitable
appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, person, occasion, etc.
background
the part of a scene or picture that is farthest from the viewer.
civil
relating to ordinary citizens and their concerns, as distinct from military or ecclesiastical matters.
distinction
a difference or contrast between similar things or people.
urban
relating to, or characteristic of a city or town.
practically
in a way that is sensible and realistic.
poet
a person who writes poems.
transfer
the act of moving something or someone from one place to another.
curious
eager to know or learn something.
abortion
the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks.
physician
a medical doctor, especially one who practices medicine as opposed to surgery.
maker
a person or thing that makes or produces something.
vision
the ability to see; the faculty of sight.
further
to help the progress or development of something.
necessarily
in a way that is required or unavoidable.
scatter
a small, dispersed amount of something.
implement
a tool, utensil, or other piece of equipment used for a particular purpose.
mutual
shared by two or more parties.
conclusion
the end or finish of an event, process, or text.
belief
an acceptance that something exists or is true, especially without proof.
minister
a member of the clergy, especially in Protestant churches.
refrain from
to avoid doing something.
positive
having a good or beneficial effect.
Jewish
relating to, associated with, or denoting Jews or Judaism.
supplement
something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency, or extend or strengthen the whole.
extinction
the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct.
hide
the skin of an animal, especially when tanned or dressed.
meal
an occasion when food is eaten, or the food that is eaten on such an occasion.
aware
having knowledge or perception of a situation or fact.
site
a location or area where something is, was, or will be located.
tip
the pointed or rounded end of something slender or tapering.
considerable
large in size, amount, or extent.
useful
able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways.
rude
offensively impolite or ill-mannered.
means
a method or way of doing something.
bond
a connection or link between people, groups, or things.
present
a gift or something given.
via
by way of; through a particular place or method.
confine
the borders or boundaries of a place, especially with regard to restricting movement.
pupil
a student, especially a young one, who is taught by a teacher.
nearby
located a short distance away.
era
a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic.
wise
having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment.
bind
a problematic situation or predicament.
operate
to control the functioning of a machine, process, or system.
anyway
in any case; regardless of what has been said or done.
carbon
a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6, known for its ability to form a vast number of compounds.
oppose
to act against or provide resistance to; combat.
demonstrate
to show or explain how something works or is done.
public
the people constituting a community, state, or nation.
senate
a legislative or governing body, particularly the upper house of a bicameral legislature.
gallop
a fast gait of a horse in which all four feet are off the ground at once in each stride.
within
inside or indoors.
emotional
relating to a person's emotions.
composition
the act or process of composing, especially in music, literature, or art.
extreme
the furthest or highest degree of something.
rational
based on or in accordance with reason or logic.
independent
not influenced or controlled by others in matters of opinion, conduct, etc.; thinking or acting for oneself.
motive
a reason for doing something, especially one that is hidden or not obvious.
energy
the capacity to do work or produce change.
scheme
a plan or arrangement for attaining a particular object or putting a particular idea into effect.
mate
a friend or companion.
request
an act of asking politely or formally for something.
application
a formal request to an authority for something.
labor
work, especially physical work.
unable
lacking the skill, means, or opportunity to do something.
graduation
the act of receiving a degree or diploma after completing a course of study.
extension
the act of extending or the state of being extended.
inflation
a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
telescope
an optical instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses or mirrors or both that gathers visible light, permitting direct observation or photographic recording of distant objects.
guilty
responsible for a specified wrongdoing or offense.
neighborhood
a district or community within a town or city.
reward
a thing given in recognition of service, effort, or achievement.
perception
the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
affair
a matter or situation that is being dealt with or considered.
stroke
a single complete movement, especially one of a series of repeated movements.
originate
to begin or arise from a particular source or cause.
tiny
extremely small in size or amount.
soon after
a short time following a particular event or point in time.
essentially
in an essential manner; fundamentally or basically.
historical
relating to or having the character of history.
plain
a large area of flat land with few trees.
elaborate
to develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in detail.
advocate
a person who publicly supports or recommends a particular cause or policy.
educational
relating to the provision of education.
household
a group of people, often a family, who live together in a single home.
apparent
clearly visible or understood; obvious.
incorporate
to include or integrate a part into the whole.
appointment
an arrangement to meet someone at a particular time and place.
comfortable
providing physical ease and relaxation.
similarity
the state or fact of being similar; resemblance or likeness.
consequently
as a result; therefore.
colleague
a person with whom one works in a profession or business.
contribute
to give something, especially money, in order to provide or achieve something together with other people.
party
a social gathering of invited guests, typically involving eating, drinking, and entertainment.
strange
unusual or surprising; difficult to understand or explain.
potentially
in a way that shows the capacity to develop into something in the future.
criticize
to express disapproval of someone or something by pointing out faults or shortcomings.
lab
a room or building equipped for scientific experiments, research, or teaching, or for the manufacture of drugs or chemicals.
hang
to fasten or suspend something so that it is held up without support from below.
colony
a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country.
shed
a simple roofed structure used for storage, shelter, or as a workshop.
unknown
a person, place, or thing that is not known or familiar.
tide
the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull of the moon.
progress
forward or onward movement towards a destination or goal.
candidate
a person who applies for a job or is nominated for election.
own
to have possession or control of something.
origin
the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived.
reputation
the beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something.
plot
a secret plan or scheme to accomplish some purpose, especially a hostile, unlawful, or evil purpose.
state
a condition or situation at a particular time.
beneath
in a lower place; below.
notice
a written or printed announcement.
ray
a narrow beam of light.
delivery
the act of taking goods, letters, or packages to a person or place.
renew
to make something new again or restore it to its original state.
former
the first of two things mentioned.
invisible
not able to be seen.
order
an arrangement or disposition of people or things in relation to each other according to a particular sequence, pattern, or method.
symbol
a mark or character used as a conventional representation of an object, function, or process.
presence
the state or fact of existing, occurring, or being present in a place or thing.
address
the particulars of the place where someone lives or an organization is situated.
author
a person who writes books, articles, or other texts.
reach
the extent or range of something.
mortgage
a legal agreement by which a bank or other creditor lends money at interest in exchange for taking title of the debtor's property, with the condition that the conveyance of title becomes void upon the payment of the debt.
community
a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common.
naked
not wearing any clothes.
somehow
in some way not specified or known.
donation
a gift or contribution, typically to a charitable organization.
conviction
a firmly held belief or opinion.
defendant
a person, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.
bloody
to make something bloody.
suppose
to assume something to be true without proof.
eliminate
to completely remove or get rid of something.
governor
the elected executive head of a state in the U.S.
civilized
having a high state of culture and development both social and technological.
sophisticated
having a refined knowledge of the world, often with an appreciation for culture and art.
awake
to stop sleeping; to wake up.
productivity
the state or quality of being productive; the effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input.
unless
except if; on the condition that.
pleasant
giving a sense of happy satisfaction or enjoyment.
refugee
a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
prisoner
a person who is kept in a prison as a punishment for a crime or while waiting for trial.
sightseeing
the activity of visiting places of interest in a particular location.
loneliness
the state of being alone and feeling sad about it.
attraction
the action or power of evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something.
assembly
a group of people gathered together for a common purpose, such as a meeting or legislative session.
echo
a sound that is reflected off a surface and heard again.
script
a written text of a play, film, or broadcast.
creation
the act of bringing something into existence.
for free
without any cost or payment.
rapid
happening in a short time or at a fast pace.
lung
an organ in the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.
politics
the activities associated with the governance of a country or area, especially the debate between parties having power.
lie
a false statement made with deliberate intent to deceive.
enhance
to improve the quality, value, or extent of something.
sequence
a particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other.
jury
a group of people sworn to render a verdict in a legal case based on the evidence presented.
necessity
the state or fact of being required or indispensable.
amusement
the state or experience of finding something funny or entertaining.
minimum
the least or smallest amount or quantity possible, attainable, or required.
servant
a person who performs duties for others, especially a person employed in a house on domestic duties or as a personal attendant.
vice
a moral fault or weakness in someone's character.
portion
a part of a whole; an amount, section, or piece of something.
viewer
a person who watches something, especially television or a display.
firm
a business or company.
bare
to uncover or reveal something.
institution
an established organization or foundation, especially one dedicated to education, public service, or culture.
buyer
a person who makes a purchase.
shooting
the act of firing a gun or other weapon.
firmly
in a strong, steady, and unwavering manner.
partnership
a relationship between two or more individuals or organizations that work together for a common purpose.
dealer
a person or business that buys and sells goods, especially on a large scale.
province
a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
explore
to travel through an unfamiliar area in order to learn about it.
democrat
a person who supports democracy or its principles.
term
a word or expression used for some particular thing.
yield
the full amount of an agricultural or industrial product.
confront
to face someone or something, especially in a challenging or difficult situation.
pursuit
the act of following or chasing someone or something.
concrete
a building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, which can be spread or poured into molds and forms a stone-like mass on hardening.
debate
a formal discussion on a particular topic in a public meeting or legislative assembly, in which opposing arguments are put forward.
exist
to have actual being; to be real.
dispute
a disagreement or argument about something important.
executive
a person with senior managerial responsibility in a business organization.
lawn
an area of short, mown grass in a yard, garden, or park.
strict
demanding that rules concerning behavior are obeyed and observed.
capable
having the ability, fitness, or quality necessary to do or achieve a specified thing.
merchant
a person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying goods to a particular trade.
employer
a person or organization that hires people to work for them.
peculiar
strange or unusual, especially in a way that is unsettling or hard to understand.
focus
the center of interest or activity.
expose
to make something visible by uncovering it.
accustomed
being familiar with something through repeated experience or exposure.
comprehensive
including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something.
subtle
delicately complex and understated.
depress
to make someone feel sad or without hope.
suit
a set of clothes made from the same fabric, typically consisting of a jacket and trousers or a jacket and skirt.
defeat
an instance of being beaten or losing a battle or contest.
rub
an act of rubbing a surface.
contrary
a fact or condition incompatible with another.
destroy
to cause so much damage to something that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired.
apart
not together; separate or distinct.
income
money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments.
actual
existing in fact; real.
impulse
a sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act.
encounter
a meeting, especially one that is unplanned or unexpected.
politician
a person who is professionally involved in politics, especially as a holder of or a candidate for an elected office.
intellectual
a person possessing a highly developed intellect.
urge
a strong desire or impulse to do something.
honor
high respect or esteem.
impressive
evoking admiration through size, quality, or skill.
owe
to be under obligation to pay or repay money or a favor to someone.
regarding
present participle of 'regard'.
recession
a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced, generally identified by a fall in GDP in two successive quarters.
spiritual
relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.
jail
a place for the confinement of people accused or convicted of a crime.
shortly
in a short time; soon.
freeze
a period of extremely cold weather.
sustain
to support or maintain something over a period of time.
minority
the smaller number or part, especially a number that is less than half the whole number.
pile
a heap or stack of things.
distinct
clearly different or of a different kind.
finance
the management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large companies.
phenomenon
an observable event or occurrence, especially one that is unusual or difficult to understand.
criminal
a person who has committed a crime.
proposed
past tense or past participle form of 'propose'.
personally
in a manner that involves the personal presence or action of the individual.
seem
to give the impression of being or doing something.
isolate
a person or thing that has been isolated.
proper
conforming to accepted standards; suitable or appropriate.
existence
the state or fact of living or having objective reality.
compound
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
crop
a cultivated plant that is grown as food, especially a grain, fruit, or vegetable.
expand
to increase in size, volume, quantity, or scope.
stake
a strong wooden or metal post with a pointed end, driven into the ground to support a tree, form part of a fence, etc.
inclined
having a tendency or preference towards something.
sort
a category of things or people having some common feature; a type.
swallow
a small bird with long, pointed wings and a forked tail, known for its swift flight.
elementary
basic or fundamental; relating to the simplest principles of a subject.
bite
a wound or puncture made by a living organism's teeth.
universe
all existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos.
imagination
the faculty or action of forming new ideas, images, or concepts not present to the senses.
inhabitant
a person or animal that lives in or occupies a place.
blast
a strong gust of wind or air.
department
a distinct part of a larger organization, such as a government, university, or business, dealing with a specific area of activity.
companion
a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or with whom one travels.
seize
to take hold of suddenly and forcibly.
republic
a form of government in which the country is considered a 'public matter' and is not the private concern or property of the rulers. The primary positions of power within a republic are attained through democracy or a mix of democracy with oligarchy or autocracy.
duty
a moral or legal obligation; a responsibility.
joy
a feeling of great pleasure and happiness.
examination
a detailed inspection or study of something.
index
an alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc., with references to the places where they occur, typically found at the end of a book.
decline
a gradual and continuous loss of strength, numbers, quality, or value.
bow
a weapon for shooting arrows, typically made of a curved piece of wood joined at both ends by a taut string.
cast
the actors in a play, film, or show.
extraordinary
very unusual or remarkable.
traffic jam
a line of vehicles that are unable to move or moving very slowly.
variation
a change or slight difference in condition, amount, or level, typically within certain limits.
nerve
a bundle of fibers that transmits electrical impulses between the brain and other parts of the body.
destruction
the act of destroying something; the state of being destroyed.
engaged
past tense or past participle form of 'engage'.
passive
accepting or allowing what happens or what others do, without active response or resistance.
calculate
to determine the amount or number of something mathematically.
assumption
a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof.
achievement
a thing done successfully with effort, skill, or courage.
initially
at the beginning; at first.
cease
a cessation or stopping.
behalf
interest, support, or benefit of someone or something.
attract
to cause someone or something to come towards a place or person by offering something of interest or advantage.
leisure
free time when one is not working or occupied; time for ease and relaxation.
throat
the passage that leads from the back of the mouth of a person or animal, through which food and air pass.
desperate
feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.
highlight
an outstanding part of an event or period of time.
initiative
the ability to assess and initiate things independently.
communist
a person who supports or believes in the principles of communism.
competitive
having a strong desire to compete or to succeed.
dominate
to have control or power over someone or something.
settlement
an official agreement intended to resolve a dispute or conflict.
forward
a player positioned near the opponent's goal in sports.
perspective
a particular attitude towards or way of regarding something; a point of view.
hell
a place regarded in various religions as a spiritual realm of evil and suffering, often depicted as a place of perpetual fire beneath the earth where the wicked are punished after death.
odd
different from what is usual or expected; strange.
polite
having or showing behavior that is respectful and considerate of other people.
laboratory
a room or building equipped for scientific experiments, research, or teaching, or for the manufacture of drugs or chemicals.
rapidly
in a fast or quick manner.
element
a fundamental or essential part of something.
headquarters
the main office or center of operations for an organization or company.
divorce
the legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body.
conference
a formal meeting for discussion, typically among people with a shared interest.
obligation
a duty or commitment that one is bound to by law, promise, or moral responsibility.
sum
the total amount resulting from the addition of two or more numbers, amounts, or items.
expansion
the action of becoming larger or more extensive.
period
a length or portion of time.
chest
a large, strong box, typically made of wood, used for storage or transport.
till
a cash register or drawer for money in a store, bank, or restaurant.
interior
the inner or indoor part of something, especially a building.
intelligence
the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.
mysterious
difficult or impossible to understand, explain, or identify.
conservation
the act of preserving, guarding, or protecting; the keeping (of a thing) in a safe or entire state; preservation.
confusion
a state of being unclear or uncertain.
lean
to incline or bend from a vertical position.
proceed
to begin or continue a course of action.
suppress
to forcibly put an end to something.
convey
to transport or carry to a place.
unpleasant
causing discomfort or unhappiness; disagreeable.
path
a way or track laid down for walking or made by continual treading.
reserve
a supply of a commodity not needed for immediate use but available if required.
cover
a thing that lies on, over, or around something, especially in order to protect or conceal it.
multiple
a number that can be divided by another number without a remainder.
chapter
a main division of a book, typically with a number or title.
prosecutor
a legal representative who brings charges against someone in a court of law.
task
a piece of work to be done or undertaken.
arise
to come into being or to happen.
look up
to search for information in a reference book or database.
in the past
referring to a time that has already happened; previous times.
nowadays
at the present time; in the current era.
emergency
a serious, unexpected, and often dangerous situation requiring immediate action.
flavor
the distinctive taste of a food or drink.
expert
a person with a high level of knowledge or skill in a particular area.
silly
lacking in seriousness or common sense; foolish.
breathe
to take air into the lungs and then expel it, especially as a regular physiological process.
refrigerator
an appliance or compartment that is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink.
and so on
used to indicate that there are more items similar to the ones mentioned.
do me a favor
to ask someone to help you with something or to do something for you as a kindness.
get along with
to have a friendly relationship with someone; to be on good terms.
keep in mind
to remember or consider something when making a decision or thinking about something.
on the way to
in the process of going to a particular place or destination.
on foot
by walking rather than using a vehicle or other means of transport.
out of order
not working properly or broken.
sooner or later
eventually; at some point in the future.
try on
to put on a piece of clothing or accessory to see if it fits or looks good before deciding to buy or wear it.
turn down
to reduce the volume, temperature, or intensity of something.
tax
a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions.
capital
the city or town that functions as the seat of government and administrative center of a country or region.
height
the measurement of someone or something from head to foot or from base to top.
import
the act of bringing goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.
complain
to express dissatisfaction or annoyance about something.
look down on
to think that you are better or more important than someone else; to regard someone with a feeling of superiority or contempt.
plenty of
a large or sufficient amount or quantity of something.
elect
to choose someone for a position or office by voting.
past
the time before the present.
grant
a sum of money given by an organization for a particular purpose.
client
a person or organization using the services of a lawyer or other professional person or company.
steel
a strong, hard metal made of iron and carbon, used in construction and manufacturing.
attribute
a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something.
accuse
to charge someone with an offense or crime.
so-called
used to indicate that a name or term is not necessarily accurate or true.
bear
a large, heavy mammal with thick fur and a very short tail.
administration
the process or activity of running a business, organization, etc.
intention
a plan or aim that guides one's actions.
storage
the action or method of storing something for future use.
strain
a force or influence that stretches, pulls, or puts pressure on something, sometimes causing damage.
wildlife
animals and plants that live and grow in natural conditions, not controlled by humans.
entertain
to hold the attention of someone by providing amusement or enjoyment.
passenger
a person who is traveling in a vehicle but is not operating it.
earn
to receive money as payment for work that you do.
prior
a monastic officer in charge of a priory or ranking below an abbot.
assessment
the act of evaluating or appraising a person, situation, or event.
threaten
to express an intention to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something.
significance
the quality of being worthy of attention; importance.
immigrant
a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
stream
a small, narrow river.
intend
to have a plan or purpose in mind.
consideration
careful thought, typically over a period of time.
commission
a group of people officially charged with a particular function.
fellow
a person in the same position, involved in the same activity, or otherwise associated with another.
throughout
in every part; during the whole time.
intelligent
having the ability to learn, understand, and think about things quickly and effectively.
constantly
continuously over a period of time; always.
employee
a person who is hired to provide services to a company on a regular basis in exchange for compensation.
deny
to state that something is not true.
occupy
to take control or possession of a place, often by force.
reasonable
fair and sensible.
shore
the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or other large body of water.
bullet
a small, metal projectile fired from a gun.
mention
a reference to someone or something.
prison
a building where people are legally held as a punishment for a crime or while awaiting trial.
tissue
a group of cells that perform a specific function in an organism.
otherwise
in a different way or manner; differently.
outcome
the result or effect of an action, situation, or event.
chairman
the person who presides over a meeting, committee, or organization.
lecture
an educational talk to an audience, especially to students in a university or college.
sensible
having or showing good sense or judgment.
earning
the money obtained in return for labor or services.
concentrate
a substance made by removing water or other diluting agent; a concentrated form of something.
supply
an amount of something that is available for use.
possess
to have or own something.
rush
a sudden quick movement towards something.
principle
a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior or for a chain of reasoning.
honest
free of deceit and untruthfulness; sincere.
proverb
a short, well-known saying that expresses a general truth or piece of advice.
update
an act of updating something or an updated version of something.