'consternation' originates from Latin, specifically the word 'consternatio' (from the verb 'consternare'), where the prefix 'con-' meant 'together' and 'sternare' meant 'to spread out, to overthrow'.

'consternation' passed into English via Old French and Middle English (e.g. Middle English 'consternacioun'), eventually becoming the modern English word 'consternation'.

Initially related to the idea of 'overthrowing' or 'scattering', the sense shifted over time to denote the emotional state of being shocked, dismayed, or greatly upset ('a state of dismay').