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English

anhydrides

|an-hy-drides|

C2

/ænˈhaɪdraɪdz/

(anhydride)

without water

Base FormPluralAdjective
anhydrideanhydridesanhydridic
Etymology
Etymology Information

'anhydride' originates from French, specifically the word 'anhydride', ultimately from Greek 'anhydros', where 'an-' meant 'without' and 'hydor' meant 'water'.

Historical Evolution

'anhydride' entered English from French in the early 19th century as a chemical term and eventually became the modern English word 'anhydride'.

Meaning Changes

Initially, it meant 'waterless; lacking water', but in chemistry it evolved into its current meaning of 'a compound derived by removing water from another compound'.

Meanings by Part of Speech

Noun 1

plural form of 'anhydride'.

Acid anhydrides are commonly used as acylating agents in organic synthesis.

Noun 2

compounds obtained by removing water from other compounds; they typically react with water to regenerate the corresponding acid or base.

Many nonmetal oxides are considered acid anhydrides because they form acids when combined with water.

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Noun 3

organic acid anhydrides: reactive acyl derivatives of carboxylic acids widely used for acylation reactions.

Symmetric and mixed acid anhydrides are versatile acylating reagents in peptide coupling.

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Noun 4

basic anhydrides: metal oxides that produce bases when they react with water.

Calcium oxide and sodium oxide are classic basic anhydrides that yield hydroxides upon hydration.

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Last updated: 2025/08/10 19:52