'sybaritic' originates from Neo-Latin, specifically the word 'sybariticus', where 'Sybaris' referred to the ancient Greek city of Sybaris, famed for its wealth and luxury.

'sybaritic' came into English in the late 16th century from Neo-Latin 'sybariticus', ultimately referring to the reputed lifestyle of inhabitants of Sybaris; the English adjective developed directly from these classical references.

Initially it meant 'of or relating to Sybaris or its people', but over time it evolved into the current meaning 'fond of sensuous luxury or pleasure'.