'monopolist' originates from English, specifically formed from 'monopoly' + the agent suffix '-ist' (meaning 'one who practices or is concerned with').

'monopoly' entered English via Late Latin and Old French from Greek. The Greek elements are 'monos' ('single, alone') and 'polein' ('to sell'), forming Greek 'monopōlion' (an exclusive right to sell); this passed through Late Latin 'monopolium' and Middle French 'monopole' into English as 'monopoly', and English later produced 'monopolist' by adding '-ist'.

Initially it referred to the exclusive right or privilege of selling a particular product; over time the meaning broadened to refer to the person or firm that holds such exclusive control and to anyone who dominates a field.