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English

brutalized

|bru/tal/ized|

C1

🇺🇸

/ˈbruːtəlaɪzd/

🇬🇧

/ˈbruːt(ə)laɪzd/

(brutalize)

making cruel

Base FormPlural3rd Person Sing.PastPast ParticiplePresent ParticipleNounNounAdjectiveAdjectiveAdverb
brutalizebrutalizationsbrutalizesbrutalizedbrutalizedbrutalizingbrutalitybrutalizationbrutalizedbrutalbrutally
Etymology
Etymology Information

'brutalize' originates from English, formed from the adjective 'brutal' plus the verb-forming suffix '-ize' (from French/Latin), where 'brutal' ultimately comes from Latin 'brutalis' and 'brutus' meant 'heavy, dull, stupid'.

Historical Evolution

'brutalize' changed from the adjective 'brutal' (Old French 'brutal', from Latin 'brutalis') combined with the suffix '-ize' and became the modern English verb 'brutalize' in the 19th century.

Meaning Changes

Initially it meant 'like a brute' or 'dull/stupid' (from Latin 'brutus'), but over time it evolved into the current meaning 'to make cruel or violent' or 'to treat brutally'.

Meanings by Part of Speech

Verb 1

past tense or past participle form of 'brutalize': treated (someone) with extreme cruelty or violence; beat, torture, or maltreat.

The political prisoners were brutalized by their captors.

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Verb 2

past tense or past participle form of 'brutalize' (figurative use): severely damaged, degraded, or defaced (for example, a place, building, or landscape) through insensitive action.

The historic quarter was brutalized by insensitive redevelopment.

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Adjective 1

having been treated cruelly or violently; physically or mentally damaged as a result of harsh treatment.

After years of war he returned home a brutalized and broken man.

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Last updated: 2025/09/12 21:41