'Augean' originates from Greek, specifically the name 'Augias' (Ancient Greek: Αὐγείας), the king of Elis in Greek mythology associated with the filthy stables cleaned by Heracles.

'Augean' entered English via Latin 'Augeas' and classical references in Middle English and later literature; the proper name was adapted into the adjective 'Augean' to describe the notorious stables and, by figurative extension, any enormous and filthy task.

Initially it meant 'of or relating to Augeas or his stables' in a literal mythological sense, but over time it evolved into the figurative meaning 'extremely filthy or corrupt; requiring a massive cleanup.'