'aspirated' originates from Latin, specifically the word 'aspiratus', where the prefix/adverbial element 'ad-' (assimilated to 'as-') meant 'to/toward' and 'spirare' meant 'to breathe'.

'aspiratus' (Late Latin past participle of 'aspirare') passed into English via Medieval/Late Latin/learned borrowing; the sense and form were transmitted into English medical and linguistic usage as 'aspirate' and its participle 'aspirated'.

Initially it referred to 'breathed upon' or the act of breathing toward something; over time it developed specialized senses: (1) 'pronounced with a burst of breath' in phonetics and (2) 'removed by suction' in medicine.