'archeologically' ultimately originates from the Greek word 'arkhaiologia' (ἀρχαιολογία), where 'arkhaios' meant 'ancient' and 'logos' meant 'study' or 'speech'; the English noun 'archeology' (also spelled 'archaeology') and the adjective 'archeological' were formed from that root, with the adverb formed by adding -ally.

'arkhaiologia' passed into Latin/Medieval Latin as 'archaeologia', then into Middle English as 'archaeologie'/'archeologie', developing into the modern English 'archaeology' (or US 'archeology'), from which 'archeological' and the adverb 'archeologically' derived.

Originally referring specifically to the 'study of ancient things,' the term's use has remained broadly consistent but has extended to describe methods, contexts, significance, or findings related to archaeology.