'antisudoral' is formed from the prefix 'anti-' (Greek/Latin via French), meaning 'against', + Latin 'sudoralis' from 'sudor' meaning 'sweat'.

'sudor' (Latin) gave rise to the adjective 'sudoralis' in Medieval/Neo-Latin (meaning 'of sweat'), and combined with the productive prefix 'anti-' in modern medical/technical English to produce 'antisudoral'.

Initially the root related specifically to 'sweat' ('sudor'), and over time the combined form came to denote agents or qualities that oppose or reduce sweating (current meaning).