'supercharged' originates from the English verb 'supercharge', which is formed from the Latin prefix 'super-' (originally meaning 'above, over') plus the verb 'charge' (from Old French 'charger', from Late Latin 'carricare' meaning 'to load onto a cart').

'supercharge' was coined in English in the early 20th century in technical contexts (especially automotive and aeronautical) to describe supplying extra pressure or 'charge' to an engine; the adjective and past-participle 'supercharged' derived directly from this verb as the technology and figurative uses spread.

Initially tied to the technical action of increasing an engine's intake pressure (using a 'supercharger'), the sense broadened to mean 'to boost or intensify' in general and developed figurative uses like 'highly energized' or 'greatly enhanced'.