Langimage
English

roughening

|rough/en/ing|

B2

/ˈrʌfənɪŋ/

(roughen)

make rough

Base Form3rd Person Sing.PastPast ParticiplePresent Participle
roughenroughensroughenedroughenedroughening
Etymology
Etymology Information

'roughen' originates from the Old English word 'rūh,' where 'rūh' meant 'rough or hairy.'

Historical Evolution

'rūh' transformed into the Middle English word 'roughen,' and eventually became the modern English word 'roughen.'

Meaning Changes

Initially, it meant 'to make rough or coarse,' and this meaning has largely remained the same in modern usage.

Meanings by Part of Speech

Verb 1

the process of making something less smooth or more uneven.

The sandpaper is used for roughening the surface of the wood.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Last updated: 2025/01/11 11:42