'pro-medicine' is formed in modern English from the prefix 'pro-' (from Latin 'pro') meaning 'for' and the noun 'medicine' (from Latin 'medicina') meaning 'the art or science of healing.'

'medicine' originates from Latin 'medicina' (from 'medicus' meaning 'physician'); it passed into Old French as 'medecine' and then into Middle English as 'medecine/medicin', eventually becoming modern English 'medicine'. The prefix 'pro-' has been used in English since the Classical/Medieval periods to form compounds meaning 'in favor of' or 'for'. The compound 'pro-medicine' is a modern English formation combining these elements.

Originally the components signified 'for' + 'the art/science of healing'; as a compound the modern meaning has become 'favoring medical (conventional, evidence-based) treatment' rather than any historical or technical sense.