'non-Talmudic' is a compound formed in English from the prefix 'non-' (from Latin 'non', where 'non' meant 'not') and 'Talmudic' (from 'Talmud' + adjectival suffix '-ic'); 'Talmud' comes from Hebrew 'תלמוד' ('talmud') meaning 'learning' or 'study'.

'non-' entered English as a productive negative prefix from Latin 'non' during the medieval/early modern period; 'Talmud' comes into English via medieval Latin and Old French from Hebrew 'talmud'; the adjective 'Talmudic' was formed by adding the suffix '-ic' (from Greek/Latin adjectival formation) to 'Talmud', and English later formed the compound 'non-Talmudic' by prefixing 'non-'.

Initially the elements meant 'not' + 'of or relating to the Talmud'; over time the compound's meaning has remained close to 'not relating to the Talmud' but has also been used more broadly to mean 'not influenced by Talmudic thought' in academic or descriptive contexts.