'neuro-' originates from Greek, specifically the word 'νεῦρον' (neûron), where the root meant 'sinew, tendon, nerve'.

'neuro-' changed from the ancient Greek word 'νεῦρον' into Latin/Medieval Latin forms such as 'neuron', and eventually became the modern combining form 'neuro-' used in New Latin and English scientific vocabulary.

Initially it meant 'sinew' or 'tendon' and later 'nerve'; over time it evolved into the current combining-form meaning 'of or relating to nerves or the nervous system'.