'instigator' originates from Latin, specifically the word 'instigare,' where 'in-' meant 'into' and 'stigare' meant 'to goad or incite.'

'instigare' transformed into the Old French word 'instigateur,' and eventually became the modern English word 'instigator' through Middle English.

Initially, it meant 'to incite or urge on,' and this meaning has largely remained the same in modern usage.