Langimage
English

infrequently-confirmed

|in-fre-quent-ly-con-firmed|

C2

🇺🇸

/ˌɪnˈfriːkwəntli kənˈfɜrmd/

🇬🇧

/ˌɪnˈfriːkwəntli kənˈfɜːmd/

seldom verified

Etymology
Etymology Information

'infrequently-confirmed' is a modern compound formed from 'infrequently' and 'confirmed'. 'Infrequently' derives from 'in-' + 'frequent' + '-ly' (negative/degree prefix + Latin-rooted adjective + adverbial suffix), while 'confirmed' comes from Latin 'confirmare' via Old French and Middle English.

Historical Evolution

'infrequently' developed in English from Latin 'frequens/frequent-' (through Old French and Middle English) plus the adverbial suffix '-ly'; 'confirmed' changed from Latin 'confirmare' to Old French 'confermer' and Middle English 'confirmen', leading to modern English 'confirm' and past participle 'confirmed'. The compound itself is a recent English formation combining the adverb-derived modifier with the past-participial adjective.

Meaning Changes

Individually, 'infrequently' originally meant 'not occurring often' and 'confirm' meant 'to make firm or certain'; together as a compound the phrase has come to mean 'made certain only rarely' or 'seldom verified'.

Meanings by Part of Speech

Adjective 1

seldom verified or corroborated; not often confirmed by independent evidence or sources.

The theory remains infrequently-confirmed by experimental data.

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Antonyms

Adjective 2

describing reports, claims, or observations that are only occasionally checked or validated.

Those field reports are infrequently-confirmed, so treat them cautiously.

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Antonyms

Last updated: 2025/08/12 14:54