gruff
|gruff|
B2
/ɡrʌf/
rough and stern
Etymology
Etymology Information
'gruff' originates from Dutch, specifically the word 'grof,' where 'grof' meant 'coarse or rough.'
Historical Evolution
'grof' transformed into the Middle English word 'gruff,' and eventually became the modern English word 'gruff.'
Meaning Changes
Initially, it meant 'coarse or rough,' but over time it evolved into its current meaning of 'rough or stern in manner.'
Meanings by Part of Speech
Idioms
Last updated: 2025/01/11 11:45