'fruit-bearing' is a modern English compound formed from the noun 'fruit' and the present participle 'bearing' (from 'bear').

'fruit' comes into English via Old French 'fruit' and ultimately from Latin 'frūctus'; 'bear' comes from Old English 'beran'. The compound 'fruit-bearing' is a straightforward modern English formation combining these elements.

Initially the components referred literally to 'fruit' and 'carrying/producing'; over time the compound has retained the literal sense and also gained a figurative sense of 'producing results'.