Langimage
English

cross-section

|cross/sec/tion|

B2

🇺🇸

/ˈkrɔsˌsɛkʃən/

🇬🇧

/ˈkrɒsˌsɛkʃən/

cut-through; representative slice

Etymology
Etymology Information

'cross-section' originates from Modern English as a compound of 'cross' and 'section', where 'cross' ultimately derives from Old English 'cros' (via Old Norse 'kross') influenced by Latin 'crux', and 'section' originates from Latin 'sectio' (from 'secare' meaning 'to cut').

Historical Evolution

'cross' in Old English was 'cros' (itself influenced by Old Norse 'kross'), while 'section' came into English from Latin 'sectio' through Old French/Medieval Latin; the compound 'cross-section' emerged in English usage in the 19th century to describe a cut showing internal structure.

Meaning Changes

Initially it referred mainly to a physical 'cut across' producing a sectional view; over time it gained figurative use to mean a representative sample of a larger group or category.

Meanings by Part of Speech

Noun 1

a surface or shape produced by cutting straight through an object, showing its internal structure or layers.

The engineer examined a cross-section of the beam to check for hidden cracks.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Noun 2

a representative sample or selection that shows the characteristics of a larger group.

The survey included a cross-section of the city's residents.

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Antonyms

Noun 3

in geometry or technical contexts, the intersection of a solid body with a plane; the resulting figure or outline.

At that height the cone's cross-section is a circle.

Synonyms

Adjective 1

adjective form ('cross-sectional'): relating to or obtained by examining a cross-section; used attributively to describe analyses or views based on a cross-section.

A cross-section analysis can reveal differences between age groups.

Synonyms

Last updated: 2025/08/17 00:54