Langimage
English

bitterness

|bit/ter/ness|

B2

🇺🇸

/ˈbɪtərnəs/

🇬🇧

/ˈbɪtənɪs/

(bitter)

sharpness or resentment

Base FormPastPast ParticiplePresent ParticipleComparativeSuperlativeNoun
bitterbitteredbitteredbitteringbittererbitterestbitterness
Etymology
Etymology Information

'bitterness' originates from Old English, specifically the word 'biternys,' where 'biter' meant 'sharp' or 'acrid.'

Historical Evolution

'biternys' transformed into the Middle English word 'bitternesse,' and eventually became the modern English word 'bitterness'.

Meaning Changes

Initially, it meant 'sharpness or acridness in taste,' but over time it evolved to include 'a feeling of deep anger and resentment.'

Meanings by Part of Speech

Noun 1

a sharp, acrid taste or smell.

The bitterness of the coffee was overwhelming.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Noun 2

a feeling of deep anger and resentment.

He felt a deep bitterness towards his former friend.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Last updated: 2025/01/11 11:39