'barytosulphate' originates from New Latin, specifically from 'baryta' + 'sulphate', where 'baryta' ultimately comes from Greek 'barys' meaning 'heavy' and 'sulphate' comes from Latin 'sulphur' meaning 'sulfur'.

'baryta' (from Greek 'barys') entered New Latin as 'baryta'; combined with the Late Latin/Modern Latin 'sulphatus' (from 'sulphur'), the compound term 'barytosulphate' was formed in chemical nomenclature in the 18th–19th centuries and came into English usage to denote the sulfate of baryta (barium).

Initially it meant 'the sulfate of baryta (barium oxide)', and over time it has continued to denote essentially the same substance, now commonly called barium sulfate.