'Bagobo' originates from the Austronesian languages of the Philippines (likely the Manobo subgroup), specifically the group's own self-designation 'Bagobo'.

'Bagobo' entered English usage through Spanish and anthropological sources during the colonial and post‑colonial periods, remaining close to the original self-name used by the people.

Initially and historically it has referred to the people and their culture; this core meaning has been largely maintained into modern usage.