'axone' originates from French, specifically the word 'axone', ultimately from Greek 'axōn' (ἀξών), where 'axōn' meant 'axis' or 'axle'.

'axone' changed from Greek 'axōn' into Late/Neo-Latin forms and French 'axone', and later entered English (yielding the modern forms 'axone' and the variant 'axon').

Initially it meant 'axis' or 'axis-like structure' in Greek; over time it became specialized to the modern biological meaning 'nerve fiber (axon)'.