'audiological' originates from New Latin/Greek formation: from 'audiology' + the adjective-forming suffix '-ical'. 'audio-' comes from Latin 'audīre', where 'audīre' meant 'to hear', and '-logy' comes from Greek 'logia' (from 'logos') meaning 'study'.

'audiological' changed from the noun 'audiology' (attested from New Latin 'audiologia', itself formed from Latin 'audīre' + Greek 'logia') with the addition of the English adjective suffix '-ical', eventually becoming the modern English adjective 'audiological'.

Initially, related to the study of hearing ('the study of hearing'); over time it came to be used adjectivally for anything relating to that study or to clinical testing of hearing, a meaning that has been retained.