'atmospherology' originates from English, built from the noun 'atmosphere' (from Greek 'atmos' + 'sphaira') and the combining form '-logy' from Greek 'logia'/'logos', where 'atmos' meant 'vapor', 'sphaira' meant 'sphere', and 'logos' meant 'study' or 'speech'.

'atmospherology' developed by combining the Modern English 'atmosphere' (itself from Greek 'atmosphaira' via Medieval Latin) with the Greek-derived suffix '-logy' (from 'logia'), following the same pattern that produced terms like 'meteorology'; this produced the modern English formation 'atmospherology'.

Initially it denoted literally the 'study of the atmosphere' and over time has remained close to that sense; in practice its usage has been rare and often replaced by 'meteorology' or 'atmospheric science'.