'arteriograph' originates from Greek and New Latin elements: the combining form 'arterio-' from Greek 'arteria' meaning 'artery' and the suffix '-graph' from Greek 'graphein' meaning 'to write' or 'to record'.

'arterio-' (from Greek 'arteria') combined with '-graph' (from Greek 'graphein') in New Latin/medical coinage during the 19th century to form terms for instruments and recordings; this produced English medical formations such as 'arteriograph' and related nouns like 'arteriography'.

Initially the components meant 'artery' and 'to write/record', and over time the combined modern term has come to mean specifically an instrument or image-recording process for arteries.