'argolic' originates from English usage referring to the place name 'Argolis', ultimately from Greek 'Argólis' (Ἀργολίς), where 'Argós' (Ἄργος) was the name of the ancient city.

'argolic' developed via Medieval/Modern Latin forms such as 'Argolicus' (used to form adjectives of place) from Greek 'Argólis', and was adopted into English as the adjective meaning 'of or relating to Argolis'.

Initially, it meant 'of or belonging to Argolis (the region around Argos)', and this core meaning has remained largely stable into modern use.