'aphidophagous' originates from Neo-Latin/Modern Latin, specifically from the components 'aphid-' (from Greek 'aphis', meaning 'aphid') and '-phagous' (from Greek 'phagos', from 'phagein', meaning 'to eat').

'aphidophagous' was formed in scientific/entomological usage by combining the noun 'aphid' with the Greek-derived suffix '-phagous' and entered English via Neo-Latin coinage in biology.

Initially it meant 'feeding on aphids' when coined for biological description, and this specialized meaning has been retained in modern usage.