Langimage
English

anti-rationalist

|an-ti-ra-tion-al-ist|

C2

/ˌæn.tiˈræʃ(ə)nəlɪst/

against reason

Etymology
Etymology Information

'anti-rationalist' originates from the Greek prefix 'anti-' meaning 'against' combined with the English word 'rationalist', which ultimately derives from Latin 'ratio' meaning 'reason' plus the agentive suffix '-ist'. 「anti-rationalist」は、ギリシャ語の接頭辞『anti-』(「反対」)と英語の語『rationalist』から成り、『rationalist』は最終的にラテン語の『ratio』(「理性」)と作用者を表す接尾辞『-ist』に由来する。

Historical Evolution

'rationalist' developed from Latin 'ratio' → Late Latin/Old French forms (e.g. 'rationalis') → Middle/Modern English 'rational' → 'rationalism' → 'rationalist'. The prefix 'anti-' was borrowed into English from Greek via Latin and French; combining 'anti-' with 'rationalist' produced the compound 'anti-rationalist' in modern English usage (chiefly from the 19th–20th centuries onward). 『rationalist』はラテン語『ratio』→ 後期ラテン語/古フランス語の形(例:『rationalis』)→ 中期/近代英語の『rational』→『rationalism』→『rationalist』へと発展した。接頭辞『anti-』はギリシャ語からラテン語やフランス語を経て英語に取り入れられ、『anti-』と『rationalist』を組み合わせた合成語『anti-rationalist』が近代英語(主に19〜20世紀以降)に現れた。

Meaning Changes

Initially used to describe opponents of philosophical rationalism (a specific philosophical position); over time it has broadened to refer more generally to people or attitudes skeptical of the primacy of reason in various domains (ethics, politics, religion, culture), sometimes used pejoratively. 当初は哲学的合理主義(特定の哲学的立場)に反対する人を指したが、時が経つにつれて倫理・政治・宗教・文化などさまざまな領域で理性の優位性に懐疑的な人や態度をより一般的に指すようになり、時には蔑称的に使われることもある。

Meanings by Part of Speech

Noun 1

a person who opposes rationalism; someone who rejects the primacy of reason as the main source of knowledge, moral judgment, or social order and often emphasizes faith, tradition, intuition, or emotion instead.

He was labeled an anti-rationalist after he criticized the Enlightenment emphasis on reason.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Adjective 1

opposing or critical of rationalism; describing views or positions that do not accept reason as the primary or sole basis for belief, knowledge, or action.

Her anti-rationalist stance led her to value narrative and ritual over purely scientific explanations.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Last updated: 2025/11/18 10:31