'Anthracomartus' originates from Greek, specifically the words 'anthrax' and 'martus', where 'anthrax' meant 'coal' and 'martus' meant 'witness' or 'observer' (used here as a combining element in a scientific name referring to coal-associated fossils).

'Anthracomartus' was coined in modern scientific Latin (19th–20th century taxonomic usage) from the Greek roots 'anthrax' + 'martus' and eventually became established as the modern genus name 'Anthracomartus' in paleontological literature.

Initially, the constituent elements literally suggested 'coal-witness' or 'coal-associated'; over time the compound came to function as a fixed taxonomic name referring specifically to that genus of fossil arachnids.